E143 – Fast Green FCF

Fast Green FCF, designated as E143, is a synthetic green dye used in various food and pharmaceutical products. It is considered to have a very high danger level (Danger Level: 5) due to potential health concerns, leading to its prohibition in several countries.

Purpose in Products

E143 imparts a turquoise or sea green color to consumables, enhancing their visual appeal. It is commonly found in products such as candies, beverages, baked goods, and dietary supplements. 

Health Risks

  • Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic responses, including skin rashes and itching, upon exposure to Fast Green FCF.
  • Hyperactivity in Children: Intake of E143 has been associated with hyperactivity and behavioral issues in children.

Impact on Children

Children may be particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of synthetic dyes like E143, with potential links to hyperactivity and behavioral issues. 

Impact on Taste

As a colorant, E143 does not alter the taste or flavor profile of food products; its function is solely to affect appearance.

Compatibility with Other Additives

E143 can be combined with other synthetic dyes to achieve various color shades. However, mixing multiple synthetic dyes may have compounded health risks.

Natural Occurrence

Fast Green FCF is not naturally occurring; it is synthesized through chemical processes involving triarylmethane compounds. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

Safer natural alternatives to E143 include:

  • Spirulina Extract (E161g): Provides a blue-green color and is derived from blue-green algae.
  • Chlorophyll (E140): Offers a natural green hue, extracted from green plants.

Regulation

Due to health concerns, E143 (Fast Green FCF) has been banned in the European Union. In regions where it is permitted, such as the United States, its use is subject to strict regulations regarding acceptable daily intake levels. 

Conclusion

E143 (Fast Green FCF) is a synthetic green dye used in various food and pharmaceutical products. Due to potential health risks, including allergic reactions and behavioral effects in children, its use is regulated or banned in several regions. Natural alternatives like spirulina extract and chlorophyll are recommended for coloring products.