E1519 โ€“ Benzyl Alcohol

Danger Level: 2 (Relatively Safe with Caution)
Benzyl Alcohol is generally recognized as safe for consumption within regulated limits. However, excessive intake can pose risks to sensitive individuals.

Purpose in Products

Benzyl Alcohol (E1519) is primarily used in the food industry for the following functions:

  • Flavoring Agent: Adds a mild aromatic scent to products.
  • Solvent: Enhances the uniform distribution of flavorings and colorants.
  • Preservative: Extends the shelf life of some food products.

Common applications include:

  • Confectionery: Chocolates and candies.
  • Beverages: Alcoholic drinks and syrups.
  • Baked Goods: Cakes and pastries.

Health Considerations

  • Low Toxicity: E1519 is considered safe at approved levels. The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) is set at 4 mg/kg body weight by EFSA.
  • Allergic Reactions: Rare cases of hypersensitivity or skin reactions may occur, particularly in individuals sensitive to benzyl derivatives.
  • Overconsumption Risks: Excessive intake can cause minor symptoms, such as headaches or gastrointestinal discomfort, though these are uncommon.

Studies suggest that benzyl alcohol is not genotoxic or carcinogenic.

Impact on Children

While considered safe, children are more susceptible to reaching the ADI threshold due to their lower body weight. Monitoring intake from processed foods is recommended.

Impact on Taste

Benzyl Alcohol contributes a neutral to mildly aromatic flavor and does not interfere significantly with the overall taste of food products.

Compatibility with Other Additives

As a solvent, E1519 is compatible with most food additives, especially those used in flavorings and colorants. However, care must be taken to ensure adherence to safety levels when combined with other preservatives.

Natural Occurrence

Benzyl Alcohol naturally occurs in:

  • Fruits: Such as apricots and cranberries.
  • Teas: A minor component of some varieties.
  • Essential Oils: Found in jasmine, ylang-ylang, and other fragrant oils.

Alternatives and Substitutes

For similar purposes, alternatives include:

  • Ethanol (E1510): A solvent and flavor enhancer.
  • Propylene Glycol (E1520): Used for its humectant and stabilizing properties.
  • Glycerol (E422): Another solvent and sweetener alternative.

Regulation

  • European Union: Approved for use under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 with strict purity criteria.
  • United States: Recognized as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS).
  • International: Accepted in many countries for use as a flavoring and solvent.

Usage levels are monitored to ensure safety across all population groups.

Conclusion

E1519 (Benzyl Alcohol) is a versatile and effective food additive used mainly as a flavor enhancer and solvent. While generally safe for consumption within regulated limits, overconsumption or excessive exposure should be avoided. Consumers with sensitivities to benzyl derivatives should exercise caution.