E155 – Brown HT

E155, known as Brown HT or Chocolate Brown HT, is a synthetic brown azo dye used as a food coloring agent. It is highly soluble in water and serves as an alternative to natural colorants like cocoa or caramel.

Purpose in Products

E155 is utilized to provide a brown color to various consumables, enhancing their visual appeal. It is commonly found in products such as:

  • Confectionery: Chocolate cakes, candies, and desserts.
  • Bakery Products: Pastries and cookies.
  • Dairy Products: Cheeses, yogurts, and chocolate drinks.
  • Jams and Fruit Products: To achieve a brown hue.
  • Beverages: Certain teas and flavored drinks.

Health Risks

E155 may cause adverse reactions in certain individuals:

  • Allergic Reactions: As an azo dye, it may provoke allergic responses, particularly in individuals with asthma or those sensitive to aspirin.
  • Hyperactivity in Children: Some studies suggest a potential link between synthetic colorants like E155 and increased hyperactivity in children.

Impact on Children

Due to potential associations with hyperactivity and allergic reactions, it is advisable to monitor and limit the intake of foods containing E155 in children’s diets.

Impact on Taste

As a colorant, E155 has a neutral flavor profile and does not significantly alter the taste of the products to which it is added.

Compatibility with Other Additives

E155 can be combined with other synthetic dyes to achieve various color shades. However, mixing multiple synthetic dyes may have compounded health risks, particularly concerning hyperactivity in children when combined with preservatives like benzoates.

Natural Occurrence

E155 is not naturally occurring; it is synthesized from petroleum derivatives and classified as an azo dye.

Alternatives and Substitutes

Natural alternatives to E155 include:

  • Caramel Color (E150): Provides a brown hue and is derived from the controlled heat treatment of carbohydrates.
  • Cocoa Powder: Offers a natural brown color and flavor, suitable for various applications.

Regulation

E155 is approved for use in the European Union, with an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by regulatory bodies. However, it is banned in several countries, including the United States, Australia, and Norway, due to health concerns.

Conclusion

E155 (Brown HT) is a synthetic brown dye used to color various food and beverage products. While it enhances visual appeal, it poses potential health risks, including allergic reactions and hyperactivity in children. Due to these concerns, it is banned in several countries. Natural alternatives like caramel color and cocoa powder are available and may be preferable for those seeking to avoid synthetic additives.