E161C – Cryptoxanthin

E161c, known as Cryptoxanthin, is a naturally occurring carotenoid pigment belonging to the xanthophyll group. It imparts yellow to orange hues and is present in various fruits and vegetables, notably papaya, tangerines, and oranges. In the food industry, cryptoxanthin is utilized as a natural colorant to provide yellow to orange shades in products. 

Purpose in Products

Cryptoxanthin (E161c) is employed to enhance the yellow to orange color of consumables, thereby improving their visual appeal. It is commonly found in products such as:

  • Beverages: Fruit juices, smoothies, and soft drinks.
  • Confectionery: Candies, gummies, and sweets.
  • Dairy Products: Butter, cheese, and yogurt.

Its natural origin and vibrant color make it a preferred choice in food processing. 

Health Considerations

Cryptoxanthin is generally recognized as safe for consumption. No side effects are known at the concentrations used in foods. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) is up to 5 mg/kg body weight. 

Impact on Children

Cryptoxanthin is considered safe for children when consumed within the established ADI. There is no specific evidence indicating adverse effects on children beyond general dietary considerations.

Impact on Taste

As a colorant, cryptoxanthin has a neutral flavor profile and does not significantly alter the taste of the products to which it is added.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Cryptoxanthin is compatible with a wide range of food additives and ingredients, making it versatile for various formulations without causing undesirable interactions.

Natural Occurrence

Cryptoxanthin occurs naturally in several fruits and vegetables, including:

  • Papaya
  • Tangerines
  • Oranges
  • Yellow Corn

The concentration of cryptoxanthin varies among these sources, with certain fruits being particularly rich in this pigment. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

Natural alternatives to E161c include other carotenoid-based colorants such as:

  • Lutein (E161b): Provides yellow to orange hues.
  • Beta-Carotene (E160a): Offers yellow to orange colors.
  • Annatto (E160b): Imparts an orange-red hue.

The choice of alternative depends on the desired shade and compatibility with the food product.

Regulation

Cryptoxanthin (E161c) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union. Its use is regulated to ensure safety, and it is important to consult local regulations for permitted uses and acceptable daily intake levels. 

Conclusion

E161c (Cryptoxanthin) is a natural food colorant that enhances the visual appeal of various products without affecting flavor. While generally considered safe, adherence to regulatory guidelines ensures its appropriate incorporation into food products.