E180 – Lithol Rubine BK

Danger Level: 2 (Moderate Risk) – Lithol Rubine BK (E180) is generally considered safe for limited use in food decoration; however, excessive intake may pose health risks.

Description

E180, commonly known as Lithol Rubine BK, is a synthetic red azo dye used as a food coloring agent. It imparts a vibrant red hue to food products and is primarily utilized in specific applications within the food industry. 

Purpose in Products

Lithol Rubine BK is predominantly used for:

  • Cheese Rinds: Coloring the rinds of certain cheeses, such as Edam, to provide a distinctive red appearance.

Its use is limited to surface applications and is not intended for direct consumption.

Health Considerations

While E180 is approved for specific uses, there are considerations to be aware of:

  • Allergic Reactions: As an azo dye, it may cause allergic reactions or sensitivities in some individuals, particularly those with existing sensitivities to azo compounds.
  • Regulatory Evaluations: The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has re-evaluated Lithol Rubine BK and noted limitations in the available toxicological data, preventing a comprehensive safety evaluation. 

Conclusion: E180 is considered safe for limited use in food decoration; however, excessive intake may pose health risks.

Impact on Children

Given the potential for allergic reactions, it is advisable to limit the intake of products containing E180 in children’s diets until more safety data is available.

Impact on Taste

Lithol Rubine BK is tasteless and odorless, ensuring it does not alter the flavor profile of food products.

Compatibility with Other Additives

E180 is compatible with a wide range of food ingredients and additives, making it versatile for specific formulations without causing undesirable interactions.

Natural Occurrence

Lithol Rubine BK is a synthetic compound and does not occur naturally.

Alternatives and Substitutes

Natural alternatives to E180 include:

  • Cochineal (E120): A natural red colorant derived from insects.
  • Beetroot Red (E162): Extracted from beetroots, providing a red hue.

The choice of alternative depends on the desired shade and compatibility with the food product.

Regulation

The regulatory status of E180 varies by region:

  • European Union: Permitted for use in coloring cheese rinds.
  • Australia, Canada, United States: Banned due to safety concerns. 

Manufacturers should consult local regulations to ensure compliance.

Conclusion

E180 (Lithol Rubine BK) is a synthetic red azo dye used primarily for coloring cheese rinds. While approved for limited use in certain regions, it is banned in others due to safety concerns. Consumers should be aware of its presence in food products and potential health implications.