E472E — Diacetyl Tartaric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (DATEM)

E472e, commonly known as DATEM, is a food additive primarily used as an emulsifier and dough conditioner in the baking industry. It is synthesized by esterifying diacetyl tartaric acid with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, resulting in a compound that enhances the mixing of oil and water phases in food products. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

DATEM serves several functions in food products:

  • Dough Conditioner: Strengthens the gluten network in dough, improving its elasticity and extensibility. 
  • Emulsifier: Facilitates the uniform mixing of oil and water components, ensuring consistent texture in products like bread, cakes, and pastries.
  • Stabilizer: Enhances the stability and shelf life of baked goods by preventing the separation of ingredients.

Health Considerations

DATEM is considered safe for consumption. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated its safety and concluded that there is no need for a numerical acceptable daily intake (ADI) for E472e, indicating no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels. 

Impact on Children

DATEM is safe for children when consumed in typical dietary amounts.

Impact on Taste

DATEM is tasteless and odorless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavor profiles.

Compatibility with Other Additives

DATEM is compatible with various other food additives, including sugars and other hydrocolloids. Its water-binding properties make it suitable for use in products requiring moisture retention.

Natural Occurrence

DATEM is a synthetic compound and does not occur naturally.

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to DATEM, options include:

  • Lecithin (E322): A natural emulsifier derived from soybeans or egg yolks.
  • Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (E471): Commonly used emulsifiers in various food products.

Regulation

DATEM is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E472e. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (E472e), commonly known as DATEM, are versatile and safe food additives used primarily as emulsifiers and dough conditioners. Their unique properties make them valuable in various food products, enhancing texture and stability. While generally safe, individuals with specific sensitivities should exercise caution.