E507 – Hydrochloric Acid

Danger Level: 0 (Safe)

E507, known as hydrochloric acid, is a strong, colorless acid commonly used in the food industry as an acidity regulator. It is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water and is naturally present in the human stomach, aiding in digestion. 

Purpose in Products

Hydrochloric acid serves several functions in food processing:

  • Acidity Regulator: Adjusts the pH levels of various food products to achieve desired acidity, which can influence flavor, texture, and preservation.
  • Protein Processing: Utilized for its protein-decomposing effects, enhancing the gelling properties in certain food preparations. 
  • Purification Agent: Employed in the production of ingredients like gelatin, where it helps in the extraction and purification processes. 

Health Considerations

In its concentrated form, hydrochloric acid is highly corrosive and can cause severe damage upon contact. However, when used as a food additive, it is highly diluted and poses no risk to consumers. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated hydrochloric acid (E507) and concluded that its use in food does not raise safety concerns at the reported usage levels. 

Impact on Children

Hydrochloric acid, when used appropriately as a food additive, is safe for all population groups, including children. It is naturally present in the human digestive system, and the minimal amounts used in food processing do not pose any health risks.

Impact on Taste

As an acidity regulator, hydrochloric acid can influence the tartness or sharpness of a product, enhancing or balancing flavors without imparting any distinct taste of its own.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Hydrochloric acid is compatible with various food additives and ingredients, especially those requiring pH adjustment for optimal functionality.

Natural Occurrence

Hydrochloric acid is naturally produced in the human stomach, playing a crucial role in digestion by breaking down food and killing harmful bacteria.

Alternatives and Substitutes

Other acids used as acidity regulators in the food industry include:

  • Citric Acid (E330): Commonly used for its mild acidic flavor and preservative qualities.
  • Acetic Acid (E260): Provides a sharp, vinegar-like taste and is used in pickling and condiment production.
  • Lactic Acid (E270): Offers a milder acidity, often used in dairy products and fermented foods.

Regulation

Hydrochloric acid (E507) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including those in the European Union. Its use is regulated under good manufacturing practices to ensure safety, with specific purity criteria and usage levels defined by food safety authorities. 

Conclusion

E507 (Hydrochloric Acid) is a widely used food additive that functions primarily as an acidity regulator. When used in accordance with regulatory guidelines, it is safe for consumption and does not pose any health risks. Its role in adjusting pH levels is essential in various food processing applications, contributing to the desired quality and stability of food products.