E516 — Calcium Sulfate

E516, known as calcium sulfate, is a naturally occurring mineral used in the food industry for various purposes. It is derived from calcium salts and sulfuric acid. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

Calcium sulfate serves several functions in food products:

  • Firming Agent: It helps maintain the texture and firmness of fruits and vegetables, especially in canned products
  • Acidity Regulator: It assists in controlling the pH levels in various food items, contributing to flavor enhancement and preservation. 
  • Yeast Nutrient: In baking, calcium sulfate acts as a nutrient for yeast, promoting fermentation and aiding in dough development.
  • Stabilizer: It helps maintain the consistency and stability of food products, preventing separation and enhancing product quality. 

Health Considerations

Calcium sulfate is considered safe for consumption. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has not established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for calcium sulfate, indicating no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels. 

Impact on Children

Calcium sulfate is safe for children when consumed in typical dietary amounts.

Impact on Taste

Calcium sulfate is tasteless and odorless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavor profiles.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Calcium sulfate is compatible with various other food additives, including acidity regulators and firming agents. Its water-binding properties make it suitable for use in products requiring moisture retention.

Natural Occurrence

Calcium sulfate is a natural mineral, occurring as the mineral gypsum. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to calcium sulfate, options include:

  • Calcium Chloride (E509): A common firming agent used in canned vegetables and fruits.
  • Magnesium Sulfate (E518): Used as a firming agent and acidity regulator in various food products.

Regulation

Calcium sulfate is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E516. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Calcium sulfate (E516) is a versatile and safe food additive used primarily as a firming agent, acidity regulator, yeast nutrient, and stabilizer. Its unique properties make it valuable in various food products, enhancing texture and stability. While generally safe, individuals with specific sensitivities should exercise caution.