E517 — Ammonium Sulfate

E517, known as Ammonium Sulfate, is an inorganic salt commonly used in the food industry for its functional properties.

Danger Level: 1 (Generally Safe with Specific Considerations) – Ammonium sulfate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used within established regulatory limits. However, excessive consumption may lead to health concerns, particularly for individuals with certain medical conditions.

Purpose in Products

Ammonium sulfate serves several functions in food products:

  • Acidity Regulator: Helps maintain the desired pH level in various food items.
  • Stabilizer: Assists in maintaining the uniform dispersion of ingredients.
  • Dough Conditioner: Improves the fermentation capacity of yeast, enhancing dough consistency and volume.

Common applications include:

  • Bakery Products: Such as breads and pastries, to improve texture and shelf life.
  • Flour: As an additive to regulate acidity.
  • Wine Production: Provides nitrogen needed in the biosynthesis process of yeast. 

Health Considerations

While ammonium sulfate is generally safe when consumed within regulatory limits, excessive intake may lead to:

  • Gastrointestinal Distress: Including nausea and diarrhea.
  • Metabolic Acidosis: In rare cases, overconsumption can disrupt the body’s acid-base balance.

Individuals with kidney disorders should monitor their intake of ammonium sulfate, as their ability to excrete excess sulfate may be impaired.

Impact on Children

There are no specific concerns regarding ammonium sulfate consumption in children when consumed as part of a balanced diet. However, moderation is advised to prevent potential adverse effects associated with excessive intake.

Impact on Taste

Ammonium sulfate has a slightly salty taste but is typically used in concentrations low enough that it does not significantly affect the overall flavor profile of food products.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Ammonium sulfate is compatible with various food additives and is often used alongside other acidity regulators and stabilizers to achieve desired product characteristics.

Natural Occurrence

Ammonium sulfate does not occur naturally in significant amounts and is primarily produced through chemical synthesis, such as by treating ammonia with sulfuric acid. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

Depending on the application, alternatives to ammonium sulfate may include:

  • Calcium Sulfate (E516): Used as a firming agent and flour treatment agent.
  • Sodium Sulfate (E514): Employed as a filler and acidity regulator.
  • Potassium Sulfate (E515): Utilized as a seasoning and mineral salt.

Regulation

Ammonium sulfate (E517) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including those in the European Union and the United States. Regulatory agencies have established acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels to ensure consumer safety.

Conclusion

E517 (Ammonium Sulfate) is a versatile food additive that functions as an acidity regulator, stabilizer, and dough conditioner. When used within regulatory limits, it is generally considered safe. However, moderation is advised to avoid potential health risks associated with excessive consumption.