E901 — Beeswax

Beeswax, designated as E901, is a natural wax produced by honeybees. It is commonly used in the food industry as a glazing agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener. Beeswax is edible and has been approved for food use in most countries, including the European Union. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Glazing Agent: Beeswax imparts a glossy finish to products like candies, fruits, and pastries.
  • Carrier for Flavors: It serves as a medium for flavoring agents, enhancing the taste and aroma of food items.

Health Considerations

Beeswax is generally considered safe for consumption. It has no known side effects and can be consumed by all dietary groups. 

Impact on Children

Beeswax is safe for children when consumed in typical dietary amounts. Nonetheless, excessive intake should be avoided to prevent potential digestive issues.

Impact on Taste

Beeswax is tasteless and odorless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavor profiles.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Beeswax is compatible with various other food additives, including sugars and other hydrocolloids. Its water-binding properties make it suitable for use in products requiring moisture retention.

Natural Occurrence

Beeswax is naturally produced by honeybees. Worker bees secrete the wax from their abdominal glands, which is then used to build the honeycomb structure of the hive. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to beeswax, options include:

  • Candelilla Wax: A plant-based wax derived from the leaves of the candelilla shrub, used as a glazing agent and emulsifier.
  • Carnauba Wax: Obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm, it serves similar functions in food products.

Regulation

Beeswax is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E901. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Beeswax (E901) is a versatile and natural food additive with a long history of safe use. Its ability to act as a glazing agent and carrier for flavors makes it valuable in various food products. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume it in moderation to avoid potential adverse effects.