E902 — Candelilla Wax

Candelilla wax, designated as E902, is a natural wax derived from the leaves and stems of the candelilla shrub (Euphorbia antisyphilitica), native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. This wax is yellowish-brown, hard, brittle, and has a melting point between 68.5°C and 72.5°C. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Glazing Agent: Candelilla wax is commonly used to provide a glossy finish to products like candies, fruits, and pastries.
  • Binder in Chewing Gum: It serves as a binder in chewing gum formulations, contributing to texture and consistency.

Health Considerations

Candelilla wax is generally considered safe for consumption. It has no known side effects and can be consumed by all dietary groups. 

Impact on Children

Candelilla wax is safe for children when consumed in typical dietary amounts. Nonetheless, excessive intake should be avoided to prevent potential digestive issues.

Impact on Taste

Candelilla wax is tasteless and odorless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavor profiles.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Candelilla wax is compatible with various other food additives, including sugars and other hydrocolloids. Its water-binding properties make it suitable for use in products requiring moisture retention.

Natural Occurrence

Candelilla wax is naturally produced by the candelilla shrub. The wax is obtained by boiling the leaves and stems with dilute sulfuric acid, and the resulting «cerote» is skimmed from the surface and further processed. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to candelilla wax, options include:

  • Carnauba Wax: Obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm, it serves similar functions in food products.
  • Beeswax: A natural wax produced by honeybees, used as a glazing agent and emulsifier.

Regulation

Candelilla wax is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E902. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits.

Conclusion

Candelilla wax (E902) is a versatile and natural food additive with a long history of safe use. Its ability to act as a glazing agent and binder makes it valuable in various food products. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume it in moderation to avoid potential adverse effects.