E905B — Petroleum Jelly (Petrolatum)

Petroleum jelly, commonly known as petrolatum, is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. It is widely used in the food industry as a glazing agent and anti-foaming agent. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

Petroleum jelly serves several functions in food products:

  • Glazing Agent: It imparts a glossy finish to confectionery items, such as non-chocolate candies and chewing gum, enhancing their visual appeal. 
  • Anti-Foaming Agent: It is used to prevent the formation of foam during food processing, ensuring smoother production and enhancing the quality of the final product. 

Health Considerations

Petroleum jelly is generally considered safe for consumption. It is a natural dietary fiber and is not absorbed by the human body, which can aid in digestion and promote a feeling of fullness. 

However, consuming large amounts may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating or diarrhea.

Impact on Children

Petroleum jelly is safe for children when consumed in typical dietary amounts. Its high fiber content can be beneficial for digestive health. Nonetheless, excessive intake should be avoided to prevent potential digestive issues.

Impact on Taste

Petroleum jelly is tasteless and odorless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavor profiles. 

Compatibility with Other Additives

Petroleum jelly is compatible with various other food additives, including sugars and other hydrocolloids. For instance, it shows synergy with locust bean gum, resulting in increased gel strength and enhanced elasticity in gels. 

Natural Occurrence

Petroleum jelly is derived from the refining of crude oil. The crude oil undergoes a refining process to produce petrolatum, which is then used in various applications, including food products. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to petroleum jelly, options include:

  • Beeswax: A natural wax produced by honeybees, used as a glazing agent in various food products.
  • Carnauba Wax: A plant-based wax derived from the leaves of the carnauba palm, used as a glazing agent in confectionery. 
  • Shellac: A resin secreted by the female lac bug, used as a glazing agent in food products.

Regulation

Petroleum jelly is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E905b. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Petroleum jelly (E905b) is a versatile and natural food additive with a long history of safe use. Its ability to act as a glazing agent and anti-foaming agent makes it valuable in various food products. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume it in moderation to avoid potential digestive discomfort.