E907 — Hydrogenated Poly-1-Decene

E907, known as hydrogenated poly-1-decene, is a food additive used primarily as a glazing agent in confectionery and dried fruits. It is a colourless, odourless substance derived from the hydrogenation of polydec-1-ene, resulting in a crystalline wax. 

Danger Level: 1 — Generally safe

Purpose in Products

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene serves several functions in food products:

  • Glazing Agent: It imparts a glossy finish to confectionery items, such as non-chocolate candies and chewing gum, enhancing their visual appeal.
  • Processing Aid: It is used as a lubricant and release agent, especially in bread baking using tins. 

Health Considerations

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene is of low acute toxicity and does not raise concerns for genotoxicity. Toxicity and carcinogenicity, as well as reproductive and developmental toxicological studies, were not available; therefore, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) based the derivation of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) on the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) identified in the subchronic study in rats and established an ADI of 20 mg/kg body weight per day. 

Impact on Children

Given its low toxicity profile and the established ADI, hydrogenated poly-1-decene is considered safe for children when consumed within the acceptable daily intake levels.

Impact on Taste

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene is tasteless and odourless, making it an ideal ingredient for various food products without altering their flavour profiles.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene is compatible with various other food additives, including sugars and other hydrocolloids. For instance, it shows synergy with locust bean gum, resulting in increased gel strength and enhanced elasticity in gels. 

Natural Occurrence

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene is a synthetic substance and does not occur naturally.

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to hydrogenated poly-1-decene, options include:

  • Beeswax: A natural wax produced by honeybees, used as a glazing agent in various food products.
  • Carnauba Wax: A plant-based wax derived from the leaves of the carnauba palm, used as a glazing agent in confectionery.
  • Shellac: A resin secreted by the female lac bug, used as a glazing agent in food products.

Regulation

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene is authorised as a food additive in the European Union in accordance with Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Hydrogenated poly-1-decene (E907) is a versatile and safe food additive with a long history of use. Its ability to act as a glazing agent and processing aid makes it valuable in various food products. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume it within the acceptable daily intake levels to avoid potential health concerns.