E912 – Montanic Acid Esters

Montanic acid esters (E912) are synthetic compounds derived from montan wax, which is extracted from lignite (brown coal). These esters are primarily used in the food industry as glazing agents to enhance the appearance and shelf life of certain fruits. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Glazing Agent: Montanic acid esters are applied to the skins of citrus fruits, melons, pineapples, and other tropical fruits to create a protective, glossy coating. This coating helps preserve the fruit’s freshness and extends its shelf life.

Health Considerations

Montanic acid esters are generally considered safe for consumption. However, due to limited data on their long-term effects, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has not established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for this additive. 

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that montanic acid esters have any adverse effects on children. They are considered safe for consumption by all age groups when used appropriately.

Impact on Taste

Montanic acid esters are tasteless and odorless, ensuring they do not alter the natural flavor of the fruits they coat.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Montanic acid esters are compatible with various other food additives, including other glazing agents and preservatives. Their synergistic effects can enhance the overall quality and sensory attributes of food products.

Natural Occurrence

Montanic acid esters are derived from montan wax, which is obtained from lignite (brown coal). This wax is primarily found in regions with significant lignite deposits, such as parts of Germany. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to montanic acid esters, options include:

  • Beeswax (E901): A natural glazing agent derived from bees, used to provide a shiny appearance to food products.
  • Carnauba Wax (E903): A plant-derived glazing agent obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm, known for its high melting point and glossy finish.
  • Shellac (E904): A natural resin secreted by the female lac bug, used as a glazing agent to provide a protective coating and glossy finish.

Regulation

Montanic acid esters are approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where they are designated as E912. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated their safety and concluded that they pose no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Montanic acid esters (E912) are effective and widely used glazing agents in the food industry, particularly for coating fruits to enhance their appearance and shelf life. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume them in moderation due to the limited data on their long-term effects.