E913 – Lanolin

Lanolin, designated as E913, is a natural wax secreted by the sebaceous glands of wool-bearing animals, particularly sheep. It is primarily used in the food industry as a glazing agent to enhance the appearance and shelf life of certain fruits. 

Danger Level: 0 — Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Glazing Agent: Lanolin is applied to the skins of fruits such as apples, pineapples, peaches, pears, melons, plums, tangerines, grapefruit, oranges, lemons, and limes. This application creates a protective, glossy coating that helps preserve the fruit’s freshness and extends its shelf life. 

Health Considerations

Lanolin is generally considered safe for consumption. However, due to limited data on its long-term effects, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has not established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for this additive. 

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that lanolin has any adverse effects on children. It is considered safe for consumption by all age groups when used appropriately.

Impact on Taste

Lanolin is tasteless and odorless, ensuring it does not alter the natural flavor of the fruits it coats.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Lanolin is compatible with various other food additives, including other glazing agents and preservatives. Their synergistic effects can enhance the overall quality and sensory attributes of food products.

Natural Occurrence

Lanolin is derived from the wool of sheep. The wool is cleaned and processed to extract the lanolin, which is then refined for use in various applications, including food products. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

For those seeking alternatives to lanolin, options include:

  • Beeswax (E901): A natural glazing agent derived from bees, used to provide a shiny appearance to food products.
  • Carnauba Wax (E903): A plant-derived glazing agent obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm, known for its high melting point and glossy finish.
  • Shellac (E904): A natural resin secreted by the female lac bug, used as a glazing agent to provide a protective coating and glossy finish.

Regulation

Lanolin is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union, where it is designated as E913. Regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated its safety and concluded that it poses no health concerns when used within established limits. 

Conclusion

Lanolin (E913) is an effective and natural glazing agent used in the food industry to enhance the appearance and shelf life of various fruits. While generally safe, it is advisable to consume it in moderation due to the limited data on its long-term effects.