E927B – Carbamide (Urea)

Carbamide, commonly known as urea and designated as E927b, is a synthetic compound utilized in the food industry, particularly in the production of sugar-free chewing gum. It serves as a stabilizer for the chewing mass, enhancing texture and moisture retention. 

Danger Level: 1 – Mostly Safe

Purpose in Products

• Stabilizer in Chewing Gum: Carbamide is incorporated into sugar-free chewing gums to stabilize the chewing mass, ensuring consistent texture and prolonging shelf life. 

Health Considerations

Carbamide is generally recognized as safe when used within established limits. However, ingestion of pure carbamide can cause acute effects such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat. In the context of its use in chewing gum, these effects are not typically a concern due to the low concentrations employed. 

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that carbamide has adverse effects on children when used appropriately in food products. However, as with all additives, moderation is advised.

Impact on Taste

Carbamide itself is tasteless and does not alter the flavor profile of chewing gum or other products in which it is used.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Carbamide is compatible with various other food additives commonly used in chewing gum, such as sweeteners and flavorings, contributing to the overall quality and sensory attributes of the product.

Natural Occurrence

Carbamide is a naturally occurring compound produced during the breakdown of proteins in the human body. For industrial purposes, it is synthesized from natural gas in large chemical plants and sold as a white granulate. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

While carbamide is effective in its role, alternatives such as glycerin and certain polyols (e.g., sorbitol) can also be used to achieve similar textural properties in chewing gum formulations.

Regulation

Carbamide (E927b) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union and other regions, with specific usage limits to ensure consumer safety. For instance, it may be used as a stabilizer for the chewing mass of sugar-free chewing gum up to a maximum quantity of 30 grams per kilogram. 

Conclusion

Carbamide (E927b) is a widely used stabilizer in sugar-free chewing gums, contributing to desirable texture and moisture retention. When used within regulated limits, it is considered safe for consumption. As with all food additives, consumers are encouraged to enjoy products containing carbamide in moderation.