E939 – Helium

Helium, designated as E939, is a natural, inert, colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. In the food industry, it is primarily used as a propellant and packaging gas to displace oxygen, thereby preserving the freshness and quality of food products. 

Danger Level: 0 – Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Propellant and Packaging Gas: Helium is utilized to expel air from food packaging, creating an inert atmosphere that inhibits oxidation and microbial growth, thus extending the shelf life of perishable items.

Health Considerations

Helium is chemically inert and does not react with food components, making it safe for use in food packaging. There are no known adverse health effects associated with its application as a food additive. 

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that helium has any adverse effects on children when used in food packaging. Its inert nature ensures that it does not interact with food or pose any health risks to consumers of any age.

Impact on Taste

Helium is tasteless and does not alter the flavor, aroma, or texture of food products. Its use in packaging is solely to maintain product freshness by preventing oxidation and spoilage.

Compatibility with Other Additives

As an inert gas, helium does not interact with other food additives or ingredients. It is compatible with various packaging methods and materials used in the food industry.

Natural Occurrence

Helium is a naturally occurring noble gas found in trace amounts in the Earth’s atmosphere. For industrial purposes, it is extracted from natural gas reserves through processes like fractional distillation.

Alternatives and Substitutes

Other inert gases used for food packaging include:

  • Nitrogen (E941): Commonly used to displace oxygen in packaging, preventing oxidation and spoilage.
  • Argon (E938): Another inert gas employed to create an oxygen-free environment in food packaging.

Regulation

Helium (E939) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union and other regions. Its application as a propellant and packaging gas is considered safe, and it is permitted in organic food processing. 

Conclusion

Helium (E939) is a safe and effective propellant and packaging gas used in the food industry to extend the shelf life of products by creating an inert atmosphere that prevents oxidation and microbial growth. Its inert nature ensures that it does not interact with food components, making it a reliable choice for preserving the quality and freshness of various food items.