E940 – Dichlorodifluoromethane

Dichlorodifluoromethane, commonly known as Freon-12 or R12, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) that was historically used as a propellant in aerosol products and as a refrigerant. Due to its environmental impact, particularly its role in ozone layer depletion, its production was banned in 1995. However, as of 2005, it was still found in some aerosol products. 

Danger Level: 5 – Very Dangerous

Purpose in Products

  • Aerosol Propellant: Dichlorodifluoromethane was used to propel the contents out of aerosol cans, such as in certain food products and inhalers for asthmatics. 

Health Considerations

  • Toxicity: Dichlorodifluoromethane is classified as toxic, with risks of severe irreversible effects if inhaled, ingested, or upon skin contact. Exposure can lead to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat.
  • Environmental Impact: As a chlorofluorocarbon, it significantly contributes to ozone layer depletion, leading to increased ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth’s surface, which poses various health risks.

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that dichlorodifluoromethane has unique adverse effects on children. However, due to its high toxicity and environmental hazards, exposure should be strictly avoided for all age groups.

Impact on Taste

Dichlorodifluoromethane is tasteless and odorless, and its use as a propellant does not directly impact the taste of food products.

Compatibility with Other Additives

As a propellant, dichlorodifluoromethane was compatible with various substances used in aerosol formulations. However, due to its environmental and health risks, its use has been largely discontinued.

Natural Occurrence

Dichlorodifluoromethane is a synthetic compound and does not occur naturally. It was manufactured through chemical processes involving chlorination and fluorination of methane.

Alternatives and Substitutes

Due to the environmental hazards associated with dichlorodifluoromethane, alternatives have been developed, including:

  • Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs): Such as HFC-134a, which have lower ozone depletion potential.
  • Hydrocarbons: Like propane and butane, used as propellants in some aerosol products.

Regulation

The production and use of dichlorodifluoromethane have been banned or heavily restricted in many countries due to its environmental impact, particularly its role in ozone depletion. International agreements, such as the Montreal Protocol, have led to the phase-out of such substances.

Conclusion

Dichlorodifluoromethane (E940) was once commonly used as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant. However, due to its high toxicity and significant environmental hazards, including ozone layer depletion, its use has been discontinued and banned in many regions. Safer alternatives are now employed in place of this substance.