E948 – Oxygen

Oxygen, designated as E948, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is essential for life and constitutes approximately 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere. In the food industry, it is utilized as a packaging gas to maintain the freshness and quality of various food products. 

Danger Level: 0 – Safe

Purpose in Products

  • Packaging Gas: Oxygen is used in modified atmosphere packaging, particularly for fresh meat products, to maintain the red color of the meat by stabilizing the red blood pigment. This process enhances the visual appeal of the product and can extend its shelf life. 

Health Considerations

Oxygen is vital for human life and is naturally present in the air we breathe. When used as a food additive, it does not pose any health risks and is considered safe for all consumers. 

Impact on Children

There is no specific evidence to suggest that oxygen has any adverse effects on children when used in food packaging. Its natural presence in the atmosphere and essential role in human physiology ensure it is safe for consumers of all ages.

Impact on Taste

Oxygen is tasteless and does not alter the flavor, aroma, or texture of food products. Its use in packaging is primarily to preserve the appearance and extend the shelf life of the product.

Compatibility with Other Additives

As a natural and inert gas, oxygen does not react adversely with other food additives or ingredients, making it compatible with various substances used in food processing and packaging.

Natural Occurrence

Oxygen is a naturally occurring element that makes up about 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere. For industrial purposes, including food packaging, it is obtained through the fractional distillation of liquefied air. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

Other gases used in modified atmosphere packaging include:

  • Nitrogen (E941): Commonly used to displace oxygen in packaging to prevent oxidation and spoilage, particularly for products that are sensitive to oxygen.
  • Carbon Dioxide (E290): Often used in combination with nitrogen to inhibit microbial growth in food products.

Regulation

Oxygen (E948) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union and other regions. It is permitted for all foods without quantity restrictions, reflecting its safety and essential role in food preservation. 

Conclusion

Oxygen (E948) is a safe and essential element used in the food industry, primarily as a packaging gas to maintain the freshness and visual appeal of products, especially fresh meats. Its natural occurrence and compatibility with various food products make it a reliable choice for food preservation without posing any health risks to consumers.