E955 – Sucralose

Danger Level: 0 (Safe)

E955, commonly known as sucralose, is an artificial sweetener widely used as a sugar substitute in various food and beverage products. It is approximately 600 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar) and is non-caloric, as it is not metabolized by the body. 

Purpose in Products

Sucralose serves several functions in food products:

  • Sweetener: Provides a sweet taste without the calories associated with sugar, making it popular in «diet» or «sugar-free» products. 
  • Flavor Enhancer: Enhances the sweetness and palatability of various food items.
  • Stability: Maintains its sweetness over a wide range of temperatures and pH levels, making it suitable for cooking and baking. 

Health Considerations

Sucralose is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by major health authorities, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, some studies have raised concerns about potential health effects:

  • Gut Microbiome: Research suggests that sucralose may alter the composition of gut bacteria, potentially leading to digestive issues or metabolic disturbances over time. 
  • Heat Stability: While sucralose is generally heat-stable, some studies indicate that at high temperatures, it can break down into potentially harmful compounds, such as chloropropanols, which are suspected carcinogens. 
  • Insulin Sensitivity: Some studies have indicated that sucralose consumption may impair insulin sensitivity, though findings are mixed and further research is needed. 

Impact on Children

Sucralose is considered safe for children when consumed within acceptable daily intake levels. However, it’s advisable to monitor and moderate their intake of foods containing artificial sweeteners.

Impact on Taste

Sucralose provides a sweetness similar to sugar without the associated calories. It is often used in combination with other sweeteners to achieve a more sugar-like taste profile.

Compatibility with Other Additives

Sucralose is compatible with a wide range of food additives and ingredients. It is often used in combination with other sweeteners and flavor enhancers to achieve the desired taste and stability in food products.

Natural Occurrence

Sucralose does not occur naturally. It is synthesized through a chemical process that involves the selective chlorination of sucrose, replacing three hydroxyl groups with chlorine atoms. 

Alternatives and Substitutes

Alternative sweeteners to sucralose include:

  • Aspartame (E951): An artificial sweetener approximately 200 times sweeter than sugar.
  • Steviol Glycosides (E960): Natural sweeteners derived from the stevia plant.
  • Acesulfame Potassium (E950): An artificial sweetener about 200 times sweeter than sugar.

Regulation

Sucralose (E955) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including those in the European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Its use is regulated under good manufacturing practices to ensure safety.

Conclusion

E955 (Sucralose) is a widely used artificial sweetener that provides a non-caloric alternative to sugar. While it is generally considered safe by regulatory authorities, some studies have raised concerns about potential health effects, particularly when used in cooking at high temperatures. As with all food additives, moderation is key, and it’s advisable to stay informed about ongoing research regarding its safety.